EP 1110-2-11
30 Nov 94
Ice arch. Frazil or fragmented ice that has stopped moving and bridges across a river channel; also called an "ice
bridge."
Ice jam. A stationary accumulation of fragmented ice or frazil that restricts or blocks a stream channel. The term "ice
gorge" is also used in some areas.
Overbank flow. Flow that exceeds the level of the river's banks and extends into the floodplain.
Riprap. Rocks strategically placed against riverbanks or beds to prevent erosion of underlying material.
Sheet ice. A smooth, continuous ice cover formed by in situ freezing (lake ice) or by the arrest and juxtaposition of ice
floes in a single layer.
Supercooled water. Water whose temperature is slightly below the freezing point (32 oF or 0 oC).
Thalweg. Deepest portion of the river channel; the line of major flow.
Water slope. Change in water surface elevation per unit distance.
Water stage. The water surface elevation above the bottom of the river channel.
Weir. Barrier placed in a river to raise water elevation.
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